mathewwu 发表于 2016-5-26 11:02

Candybag 发表于 2016-5-26 07:30
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任重道远任重道远。 ...

冒犯冒犯。

mathewwu 发表于 2020-6-21 22:15

在南达1942年瓜岛战报里,有关轮机长“拉闸”致使全舰后半部断电一事,我最近又找到更多材料可资证明,断电原因是“锁闸”而非“拉闸”,而且锁闸在技术上是许可的。先看原文(见19楼)翻译:

“供应4号副炮指挥仪电力的馈线发生短路导致过载。电力板上的AQB断路器是被锁住的(lock in)。过载传导至4号配线盘,引起7号发电机的ACB断路器跳开,导致舰只后部丧失一半的电力,包括5英寸炮6号及8号炮座的正常供电,以及III号主炮塔的交流供电。4号5英寸炮【副炮】指挥仪和6号及8号炮座改换由交流供电,结果又导致3号分电盘以下电力丧失,也就是舰只后部全部的电力。这种战损情况本来是可以避免的,如果连接到4号5英寸炮指挥仪的AQB断路器不被【手动】锁住(locked in )的话。据此建议往后AQB断路器不要锁住。”

所以重点是AQB断路器遇到短路时自动跳脱的功能被锁住了, 如何锁住?为什么可以锁住?请看1946年版的美海军潜艇电力设施手册《Submarine Electrical Installations, Navpers 16162》的说明及图示:

这是手册第6章对AQB断路器的说明,在第二段陈述,“所有此类断路器都有手动开关将线路开关的位置锁住,来应付过载或震动的状况。除非在因防止震动跳脱而必要的情况下请勿连接lock - in开关”。也就是没说绝对不可使用lock - in,否则根本不要采用这种规格的断路器就好了。

"The short circuit feature provided on AQB breakers consists of a short circuit trip element that is usually calibrated at the factory and is not easy to adjust. The best practice is to replace the element with a new one having the desired tripping characteristics. When tripped, the handle of the AQB breaker returns to a position between OFF and ON. In order to reset it, the handle must be pushed toward OFF first and then to ON. NQB circuit breakers are entirely manual in operation and open only when the handle is turned to OFF. They have the same arc-interrupting features as the AQB breakers.

All AQB breakers are provided with a manual means of holding them in against overload and they can be locked closed against overload or shock. The locking devices should never be engaged except when absolutely necessary to prevent opening due to shock."

下图就是美海军二战使用的AQB断路器除去外盖板之后的外观,注意图右下有一个”LOCK - IN”设置开关,南达轮机长及电力班就是用这个东西来锁闸的,而且南达轮机长锁闸导致战斗重要关头断电三分钟不会上军事法庭,原来线路设计上就允许锁闸。锁闸原因是以往经验显示南达级线路容易因震动(多是自身火炮开火所引发的)而跳脱。

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