依阿华级战列舰的最高速可达33节的结论被推翻

99aa2

我以前一直以为依舰的最高速可达33-35节，其实不然。当我看了维基百科英文网中的“Iowa class battleship”这一词条我就不这么认为了，原文是：

The actual speed of the Iowa-class battleships varies from source to source. The most commonly cited figures for the battleship class are 32 or 33 knots, but it appears that such speeds have never actually been attained in speed tests. Theoretically, the battleships of the Iowa-class should be able to cruise at nearly 35 knots, but this speed appears to be abnormally high and does not take into account factors like ocean resistance and weight. The fastest confirmed speed for the class is just over 31 knots, a speed attained by New Jersey during tests.

很多国内外网站在介绍依阿华级的时候都采取了33节最高速的说法，甚至有的是35节。但这么高的航速仅仅是理论上的说法，实际上还要考虑海况、重量等因素，因此依阿华的航速远没这么高，而35节更是高得离谱。它的实际最高速仅为31节出头。个记录是由新泽西号与1968年的一次测试中创下。

依阿华级为了追求高速牺牲了不少，但最终换来的就是这个结果，太悲哀了。

纳尔逊勋爵

楼主很仔细啊，看来这个观点是你第一个发现的，很值得参考。
其实伊丽莎白女王级也从来没有达到过25节，哪怕是在海况良好的情况下。日德兰海战前卫战托马斯之所以迟到，就是这个原因。

Go229

回复 纳尔逊勋爵 的帖子

哇，爵爷现身啦

mathewwu

NavWeaps 1998年的文章引用两位较知名作者的说法：

From Mr. Stilwell's "Battleship New Jersey":

The New Jersey made 32.4 knts. (indicated) during initial trials on 22 July 1943 inside the Delaware Bay. During standardization trials in October 1943 near Rockland, Maine, she made about 30 knts.* over a measured mile, but this was not at full power because the water was too shallow. All trials in 1943 were made in shallow bays, as this made it easier to protect the ship from U-boat attacks. During the infamous "Bull's Run" fiasco, she made 28 knts., sustained.

When reactivated for Korea in March 1951, she made a sustained 32 knts., indicated, during a "full power" run between Puerto Rico and Norfolk, Va. Note: This would be at least partially in "Tropical Waters." After an overhaul in Norfolk, she made 31 knts. on 15 December 1954.

When reactivated for Vietnam, she made 35.2 knts. (indicated) on 27 March 1968 in the Atlantic near Delaware Bay.
  
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

From Dr. Friedman's "US Battleships:"

All weights are in "long tons," that is, 2240 lb./ton. = 1018.18 kg.
Standard Displacement: 45,000 Tons
Design Displacement: 53,900 Tons

Note: "Design Displacement" is also known as "Trial Displacement." From that, I conclude that it includes 100% of fuel, stores and ammunition, as defined above.

In October 1943*:
55,950 Tons 162,277 SHP 29.3 knts.
In December 1943:
56,928 Tons 221,000 SHP 31.9 knts.



全文请看本站NavWeaps镜像资料：

http://www.warships.com.cn/navweaps/tech-003.htm
http://www.warships.com.cn/navweaps/tech-029.htm

LANCE→↗昆

那看来世界上最航速最快的战列舰非主教莫属了。

mathewwu

要统一各国见解首先要统一各国试车时的装载标准，这一点达不到，从理论上来推算终旧难以服众。

克虏伯火炮

如果衣阿华跑35节那个记录不真实或者不权威，那么主教跑32点几节的记录就权威吗？
单从排水量和功率上来看，衣阿华应该比主教快。
我倾向于衣阿华更快。

巴掌

水分多的不止衣阿华，KGV、主教等一样跑不到标称数。实打实标多少大西洋上实战就跑多少的也就德国货而已。沙恩标称只比KGV快三节，结果北角之战中快了7节。

说明各国标称速度的标准不一样。

ottovon9

巴掌 发表于 2011-7-6 22:43
水分多的不止衣阿华，KGV、主教等一样跑不到标称数。实打实标多少大西洋上实战就跑多少的也就德国货而已。 ...

还有锅炉的清理因素

另外记得意大利的BB曾在46000吨的情况下跑过最大速度

madaozhizhan

单个的战列舰指标可能达不到，但美国人的战略和战术使用上却使衣阿华级战列舰成功了！

蒸汽装甲舰

巴掌总是那么喜感

要知道从波多黎各向诺福克进发的航程中相当一部分在热带水域，由于冷却用海水的温度比较高，军舰往往需要分配更多动力给循环泵，因此在航速上往往要吃亏。

巴掌不信的话把沙恩霍斯特拉到菲律宾跑一圈试试，哦，忘记了，德国货很少杀到过布列斯特以南（柏林作战也许是例外），在温带北部，甚至北极圈附近跑得快是占了冷却水温度的便宜的。

gurkha

我是这样理解的:  “衣阿华”级各舰的主冷凝器中循环水的进水口温度设计为华氏65度(据推测)，而热带海水温度一般不超过华氏85度(摄氏30度)。当过热蒸气最终离开低压轮机而进入主冷凝器的温度大约是华氏100度左右，所以在热带海域行驶时， 因冷却水的温度高于设计值，热交换不充分， 所以会影响航速。

东林寒士

回复 纳尔逊勋爵 的帖子

勋爵，您的空间里可以有不少好东西的啊~~