威尔士无烟煤到底有多好？

zhidanbin

威尔士无烟煤感觉就是蒸汽时代的兴奋剂啊，威尔士无烟煤到底有多好？有没有其他能与其相当的燃煤？

tireless

燃烧热高，残渣少

magicfire

其实只要是符合无烟煤标准的，含碳量都超过90%，灰分挥发份都少于10%，最好的01号无烟煤灰分少于7%，挥发份0-3.5，热值8000以上，这种无烟煤中国河北山西也有出产。你要说威尔士无烟煤更好不奇怪，但是在这个指标基础上，我想即使能有一点提升空间，也十分的有限了。

akagizuo

magicfire 发表于 2017-3-31 09:54
其实只要是符合无烟煤标准的，含碳量都超过90%，灰分挥发份都少于10%，最好的01号无烟煤灰分少于7%，挥发 ...

想到一战时候汉斯的司炉工在战巡上每小时往锅炉里铲40-50吨鲁尔褐煤，连续几个小时，这劳动强度令人发指啊

magicfire

akagizuo 发表于 2017-3-31 11:17
想到一战时候汉斯的司炉工在战巡上每小时往锅炉里铲40-50吨鲁尔褐煤，连续几个小时，这劳动强度令人发指 ...

鲁尔煤田绝大部分是适合炼焦的亮煤，灰分一般为6%～8%。
热值来说其实无烟煤和烟煤热值相差并不是非常大。以焦炭为29MJ每公斤来比较，无烟煤是25-32MJ，烟煤是20-33MJ。褐煤是8-16MJ。

如果战舰去烧低热值高灰分的褐煤，那就太坑了。

akagizuo

magicfire 发表于 2017-3-31 13:24
鲁尔煤田绝大部分是适合炼焦的亮煤，灰分一般为6%～8%。
热值来说其实无烟煤和烟煤热值相差并不是非常大 ...

德国好煤都给鱼雷艇和轻型舰艇用了
BC和BB的煤用坎贝尔的形容是stony coal。。。日德兰之战时开战2小时后汉斯最快的船都不超过23节
“Although the 1st SG were at times steaming at 26kts, their average speed was only about 23kts. In addition to Hipper's reduction of speed from 1717 to 1723, the Moltke and von der Tann were finding it difficult to maintain high speed by about 1740, as their fires which had not been cleaned since 1500, had become very dirty due to stony coal, and stokers and trimmers were showing signs of exhaustion. In some ships the supplementary oil firing gave out, as sediment from the tanks choked the pipes to the burners, and the Seydlitz's torpedo hit must have affected her performance. The von der Tann's damage aft was also reducing her speed, as -revolutions for 26kts were only giving 23.”

magicfire

也就是说德国不是没好煤，只是好煤都用来炼钢开火车了，海军供煤的优先级太低。

利塔耶夫

说白了就好比吃精米（精煤）和吃糙米（灰煤）一样，粗纤维（灰分）少，吃（烧）的自然舒坦

l009sm

那个时代的人没考虑把煤加工成等大的煤球吗

第四弦

D.K.Brown做的说明：

Coal varied considerably in heat content, weight and in price and was not always easy to obtain. Maintenance of coal stocks was a major task; in the 1870s the P&O line owned 170 sailing colliers to maintain its steamship service to India. The map shows some of the more important stations supporting trade in peacetime and Imperial communications in time of war.

Prices varied from place to place: Welsh cost (1912) 23/ton in Gibraltar, 26/- in Port Said, 36/- at Suez and 35/at Singapore. Also at Singapore Natal coal cost 25/- and Australian 24/-. Prices at the pithead (1910) for comparison were Australia 7/6, India 5/1, Canada 10/5, South Africa 5/10.

Though Welsh was preferred, the price differential was usually too great east of Suez and it was only used by warships.5 Cheaper coal was bulky, quick-burning and with poor heat content and much ash. The lack of coaling stations in the Pacific (including the west coast of the USA) accounts for the survival of sail, both commercial and naval, in that ocean.

5. This was not of mere academic interest; in 1904 the Japanese fleet used local coal as much as possible, reserving limited stocks of Welsh coal for the decisive battle.

来源	燃烧热（单位：BTU，代表1磅的水升温1华氏度所需热量）	每吨煤的体积（立方英尺）
威尔士优等	15788	-
威尔士普通	14858	42.7
德比郡	13860	47.4
苏格兰	14164	42.0
美国（Bitum）	13861	42.4

大漠老兔二世

山西晋城、宁夏石嘴山，都有堪比威尔士白煤的好煤。

ypp001

大漠老兔二世 发表于 2020-11-13 10:38
山西晋城、宁夏石嘴山，都有堪比威尔士白煤的好煤。

那都是多少年前的老皇历了？！自从实现综采和彻底关停小煤窑之后，你说的那种可以媲美威尔士白煤的无烟煤，即是有也怕是不会见天日了。再说，真正能媲美威尔士白煤的无烟煤，也就是太西煤中的极品，即不在晋城也不在贺兰山，而是在阳泉。据传说一根普通安全火柴就能点着，着起来比上等木炭还干净。

skysword2000

越南和朝鲜的无烟煤呢

boyboy

skysword2000 发表于 2022-7-5 14:47
越南和朝鲜的无烟煤呢

越南无烟煤的灰分太高，接近40%，非常坑
朝鲜煤没有了解过。
国内火电行业一般都不喜欢无烟煤，挥发份太低，着火稳燃和低负荷性能很差。

水母鱼

英国海军使用的Admiralty coal实际上是半烟煤（semi-bituminous coal），不是无烟煤（anthracite），他们认为威尔士一些地方产出的挥发分在12%~16%的半烟煤最适合军舰锅炉使用。另外，近代中国管从英国进口的海军用煤其实是叫“松白煤”。

羊羽

水母鱼 发表于 2023-8-19 08:36
英国海军使用的Admiralty coal实际上是半烟煤（semi-bituminous coal），不是无烟煤（anthracite），他们认 ...

李鸿章有份给琅威理的电报，沟通是否采用煤砖的问题，最后又来了句“饷不足，实不能购用松白煤”。大约琅之前劝他让北洋多用高质量英国煤吧。
不过对面的千代田机车锅炉也说是由于日煤不如英煤，梗塞变本加厉。